of
是從屬、包含、分離的概念。例如:The table is made of glass.(桌子是由玻璃製成。)桌子是從玻璃中「分離出來的」。
如果說It is made "with" glass. 表示你拿glass當工具(伴隨著/拿著),不合理。如果說It is made by wood. 表示wood是某個人,桌子是他做的,這也不合理。
回到最原始的問題:
(O)the door of the room:這間房間的門房門是房間的一部份,可以用of。
(X)the key of the door:鑰匙不是門的一部份,不能用of。
(O)the key to the door:鑰匙用來開門,是朝某目標而去的概念,用to就對了。
(O)the door to the room:通往房間的那扇門,也是朝著目標(房間)而去。
Up
介係詞是句子中的精靈,它和動詞組在一起,會增加動詞的強度、亮度,使動詞更具動感,像speak up就比單單speak有力。
我們一起來看以下的句子,比較at、behind、by、on、with,這些小小的介係詞真的起了「畫龍點睛」的作用。
(1) 當我聽到這事時,我簡直不敢相信我的耳朵。
I couldn't believe my ears when I heard this.
=> I couldn't believe my ears at this.
(2) 她死後留下6個孩子。
She left six children after she died.
=> She left six children behind her.
(3) 如果需要幫助,打給我,號碼是2721-5033。
If you need help, just ring me. My telephone number is 2721-5033.
=> If you need help, just call me at 2721-5033.
(4) 我們舉杯慶祝他的成功。
We raise a toast to congratulate him on his great success.
=> We raise a toast to his great success.